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because operating systems and their file systems are not under the control of the language standard, and not all platforms support these features. If such functions were added to the language it would either become impossible to have a conforming implementation on platforms without the features, or strictly conforming code using these features would not be portable to all conforming implementations. It just isn't so. Constructing a fstream with a name string of (narrow-characters), say, +++++ , is fully conforming
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